PEOPLE: International Journal of Social Sciences

DEVELOPMENTS IN ENTREPRENEURIAL COMPETENCE LITERATURE: TOWARDS THE FUTURE OF WORK

Marcella Riwo Abudho — 2026-07-24

The innovative human capital in global economic development cannot go unnoticed in such times of change with a focus on sustainability. Research has long shown that the intermateriality across social, economic, and political facets is a manifestation of the change created by entrepreneurship. Entrepreneurship is therefore not just a venture creation process but a driver of civilization. Entrepreneurial learning has been evolving since the proposal of the first entrepreneurship course, dubbed ‘Management of New Enterprises,’ at Harvard Business School in 1947. The diversity of educational aims, methods in teaching, and approaches in monitoring and evaluation has led to the heterogeneity in the definition of concepts around entrepreneurship, including entrepreneurship competence, entrepreneurial education, and entrepreneurship practice. Entrepreneurs have been described by a variety of terms, and various studies have concluded that there is no scientific definition that has been agreed upon for the concept. The ever-growing engagements in entrepreneurial competence in research and practice has led to a diversity of perspectives and models that all make a contribution to the field. While referring to early entrepreneurial literature, studies have concluded that individual intentions and subsequent behaviors bring the emergence of new business organizations, and as this process evolves over time, entrepreneurial intentions are witnessed across business formations.

BETWEEN FEAR AND THE DESIRE TO BE ACCEPTED: SOCIAL ANXIETY AMONG WOMEN WHO USE SOCIAL MEDIA

Az-zahra Atika Putri — 2026-07-24

Social anxiety is a form of anxiety commonly experienced by individuals, especially during late adolescence and early adulthood. This developmental period is characterized by demands for social adaptation, independence, and identity search, which often cause excessive worry in social interactions. This study aims to determine the profile of social anxiety in late adolescent and early adult women. The method used was quantitative observational with a cross-sectional design. The study sample consisted of 155 female respondents aged 18–25 years in Palembang City, obtained through accidental sampling. The research instrument was a questionnaire that measured aspects of general feelings, physical feelings, and cognitive changes. The results showed that the majority of respondents were in the moderate category for all aspects, with a proportion of 58.7% in general feelings, 62.6% in physical feelings, and 75.5% in cognitive changes. The aspect of general feelings was the most vulnerable to being in the high category (30.3%). Based on age differences, late adolescents showed higher anxiety than early adults, particularly in terms of general feelings and cognitive changes. In conclusion, social anxiety in late adolescent to early adult women was generally moderate, with a higher tendency in the late adolescent group. These findings indicate the importance of psychological intervention to help individuals manage social anxiety according to their stage of development.