EUROPEAN UNION AND INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS: OLD TIMES, NEW TIMES?

Authors

  • Marco António Batista Martins Assistant Professor, Evora University, CICP (FCT), Évora, Portugal

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.20319/pijss.2018.33.13841403

Keywords:

European Union, World Order, Conflicts, Power

Abstract

Today, Europe is living a new decisive time as it has been in its past after World War II, in search of unity in diversity in the name of a peace project to safeguard future. If, on the one hand, Europe expresses aspirations for profound changes in its external environment, in the domestic context, it ends up colliding with aspects linked to sovereignty and human rights; on the other hand, in European foreign policy, the model reveals the search to legitimize its action. Precisely, the objective and the motivation of this study seek, through the qualitative methodology in Political Science, to analyse and understand the current context of the European Union in the international system. In fact, it is identified that this new hierarchy of powers, in the reaffirmation of the Westphalian system, where economic power comes, is bound to consolidate the democratic development between the old and new times of international relations in the destiny of Europe. From the results obtained during the analysis, in order to face again the unpredictability of the world scenario, it is a reality that Europe must promote the re-encounter of an alternative role, in other words, to assume its initial project of European edification in the name of equality of circumstances and rights of its affirmation in the global arena.

References

Ashton, C. (2012). Speech on EU Foreign Policy towards the BRICS and Other Emerging Powers. Retrieved from http://eeas.europa.eu/archives/docs/images/top_stories/020212_brics.pdf

Armijo, L. E. (2007). The BRICS Countries (Brazil, Russia, India, and China) as an Analytical Category: Mirage or Insight? Asian Perspective, 31(4), 7-42.

Buzan, B. & Lawson, G. (2015). The global transformation. History, modernity and the making of international relations. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139565073

Campillo, A. (2015). Tierra de nadie. Cómo pensar (en) la sociedad global. Barcelona: Herder.

Gariup, M. (2009). European Security Culture. Language, theory, policy. Farnham: Ashgate.

Gilpin, R. (1981). War and Change in World Politics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511664267

Gratius, S. (2013). The EU and its “Strategic Partnerships” with the BRICS. Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung. Retrieved from http://www.kas.de/wf/doc/9922-1442-2-30.pdf

Haass, R. N. (2017). World Order 2.0. Foreign Affairs, 96(1). Retrieved from https://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/2016-12-12/world-order-20

Howorth, J. (2016). EU Global Strategy in a Changing World: Brussels’ approach to the emerging powers. Contemporary Security Policy, 37(3), 389-401. https://doi.org/10.1080/13523260.2016.1238728

Islam, J. U., Zaheer, A. (2016). Using Facebook Brand Communities to Engage Customers: A New Perspective Of Relationship Marketing. People: International Journal Of Social Sciences, 2(1), 1540-1551. http://dx.doi.org/10.20319/pijss.2016.s21.15401551

Kiely, R. (2015). The BRICs, US ‘Decline’ and Global Transformations. Houndmills: Palgrave Macmillan.

Kupchan, C. A. (2012). No One’s World. The West, The Rising Rest, and the Coming Global Turn. New York; Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:osobl/9780199739394.001.0001

Laidi, Z. (2011, November). The BRICS Against the West? CERI Strategy Papers 11. Retrieved from https://spire.sciencespo.fr/hdl:/2441/eu4vqp9ompqllr09i4icocu28/resources/n11-112011.pdf

Loesekrug-Pietri, A. (2015). Why Europe can’t Afford to Ignore China’s New Silk Road. In World Economic Forum. Retrieved from https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2015/11/europe-china-new-silk-road/

Moreira, A. (2016). Teoria das Relações Internacionais. Porto: Almedina.

Mogherini, F. (2016). Shared Vision, Common Action: A Stronger Europe. A Global Strategy for the European Union’s Foreign And Security Policy. Retrieved from https://eeas.europa.eu/archives/docs/top_stories/pdf/eugs_review_web.pdf

Mitrany, D. (1946). A Working Peace System. London: Royal Institute of International Affairs.

Nadkarni, V. & Noonan, N. (2013). Conclusion: Global Leadership in the Twenty-First Century. Nadkarni, V. & Noonan, N. (eds). Emerging Powers in a Comparative Perspetive. The Political and Economic Rise of the BRIC Countries (pp. 209-219). New York: Bloomsbury.

Noonan, N.C. (2013). The Global Leadership of the USA and the Emerging Powers. Nadkarni, V. & Noonan, N.C. (eds). Emerging Powers in a Comparative Perspective. The Political and Economic Rise of the BRIC Countries (pp. 23-41). New York: Bloomsbury.

Noya, J. (2007). Diplomacia Pública para el Siglo XXI. La gestión de la Imagen Exterior y la Opinión Pública Internacional. Madrid: Ariel.

Nye, J. (2011). The Future of Power. New York: PublicAffairs.

Oliker, O. (2016). Russia’s Nuclear Doctrine. What We Know, What We Don’t, and What That Means. Washington: CSIS. Retrieved from https://csis-prod.s3.amazonaws.com/s3fs-public/publication/160504_Oliker_RussiasNuclearDoctrine_Web.pdf

Piketty, T. (2014). Capital in the Twenty-First Century. Cambridge: The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press. https://doi.org/10.4159/9780674369542

Quiliconi, C; Saguier, M. & Tussie, D. (2016). BRICS: Leadership in the Making. In kingah, S.; Quiliconi, C. (eds). Global and Regional Leadership of BRICS Countries (pp. 29-46). New York: Springer.

Schaefer, M. E. & Poffenbarger, J. G. (2014). Formation of the BRICS and Its Implication for the United States: Emerging Together. New York: Palgrave Macmillan. https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137387943

Selim, F. (2017). Postmodern Liberalism and Solidarity: Richard Rorty. People: International Journal Of Social Sciences, 3(2), 654-671. https://dx.doi.org/10.20319/pijss.2017.32.654671

Shahid, A & Sumbul, M. (2017). Social Evils in Media: Challenges And Solutions In 21st Century. People: International Journal Of Social Sciences, 3(3), 854-875. DOI-https://dx.doi.org/10.20319/pijss.2017.33.854875

Violante, L. (2017). Democrazie senza memoria. Torino: Giulio Einaudi.

Zhang J. (2014). BRICS adds New Dynamism to International Relations. Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the People’s Republic of China. Retrieved from http://www.fmprc.gov.cn/mfa_eng/wjbxw/t1170274.shtml

Downloads

Published

2018-02-05

How to Cite

Martins, M. (2018). EUROPEAN UNION AND INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS: OLD TIMES, NEW TIMES?. PEOPLE: International Journal of Social Sciences, 3(3), 1384–1403. https://doi.org/10.20319/pijss.2018.33.13841403