VALUE FOR MONEY IN E-LEARNING OUTCOMES
Received: 15th July 2025, Revised: 27th November 2025, Accepted: 28th November 2025, 01st December 2025, Date of Publication: 04th December 2025
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.20319/pijtel.2025.93.112131Keywords:
Value for Money, E-Learning Administration, Palestinian Universities, Resource Utilization, Higher Education StandardsAbstract
The purpose of this study was to examine how the "Value for Money" (VfM) principle, a crucial element of international quality standards in higher education, is applied to educational outcomes. In order to promote positive transformation among academic staff and students, it focuses on assessing the balance between financial expenditure and the efficacy of resource utilization. Three Palestinian universities participated in the study, which used qualitative information gathered from interviews. A purposive sample of six employees from e-learning centers was included in the study population, which included 13 members from e-learning administration departments. With an emphasis on the fourth standard, "Value for Money," which was modified for the context of e-learning in Palestinian universities, the interview protocol was created using international quality assurance standards in higher education. The results showed that there are major obstacles to raising the caliber of educational outputs in order to keep up with the quick development of educational products around the world. Limited funding for infrastructure development and maintenance, attempts to improve network performance in the face of ongoing budget deficits, and wage cuts in certain institutions to support e-learning programs were among the main problems. Based on financial limitations, universities grant network access with regard to data security. Many institutions rely on free and open-source software because of their limited funding. To improve self-sustainability, the study suggests investing in university facilities and looking into alternate funding sources. In order to reduce the risks associated with unanticipated events, it also promotes fortifying the infrastructure for online education and establishing alliances with insurance providers.
References
Weh, M.)2003). Teacher Training System in Light of Total Quality Standards. Dar Al Fikr for Publishing and Distribution, (In Arabic).
Amer, T. (2007). Standards and Models of Total Quality Management in Higher Education. Journal of the Association of Arab Universities,(4): 4355–382. (In Arabic)
Yulia, H.( 2020). Online Learning to Prevent the Spread of Pandemic Corona Virus in Indonesia. ETERNAL (English Teaching Journal), 11(1).
Kivistö, J. & Pekkola, E. (2017): Quality in administration of higher education. Stockholm: Sveriges Universitets- Och Högskoleförbund (SUHF).
Imam, K, Lamia A.(2011). Standards for Accreditation of Higher Education Institutions: Arab and International Models. 1st ed., Modern Library for Publishing and Distribution:6–13. (In Arabic)
Al-Aidi, A, Bou Fateh M.(2018). "Backgrounds of E-Learning in Higher Education (University of Laghouat as a Model)." Journal of Researcher in Humanities and Social Sciences, 10 (1): 665–683. (In Arabic)
Hussein, M.(2019). The Impact of Optimal Use of Information Technology on Developing the Skills of Fifth-Grade Preparatory School Students. Dissertation, University of Karbala, College of Basic Education: 149.
Lamin, F, Momen.H.(2023). Obstacles to Digital Transformation in Libyan Public Universities: A Field Study on a Sample of Faculty Members at the Faculty of Economics and Political Science, University of Tobruk. Dalalat Journal: 9 (2023), 366–392. (In Arabic)
Al-Farhaty,A, Ramdan R & Mutwadeh E.(2021). Obstacles to Digital Transformation and the Use of Electronic Management and Administrative Information Systems in Raising Efficiency in Public Press Institutions. Journal of Architecture, Arts and Humanities, (6) 28: 838–851. (In Arabic)
Yildirim, Z., Reigeluth, C. M., Kwon, S., Kageto, Y., & Shao, Z. (2014). A comparison of learning management systems in a school district: Searching for the ideal personalized integrated educational system (PIES). Interactive Learning Environments, 22(6), 721-736.
Al-Awda, A.) 2021(.Obstacles to E-Learning Management in Al-Ahsa Governorate, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, in Light of the Corona Pandemic. Journal of the Faculty of Education, Assiut University. (In Arabic)
Cavus, N., & Ala’a, M. (2009). Computer aided evaluation of learning management systems. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 1(1), 426-430.
Simonson, M., Zvacek, S. M., & Smaldino, S. (2019). Teaching and learning at a distance: Foundations of distance education 7th edition: 40-41.
Al-Omari M, Alrufyee E & Alkhateeb E.(2016). The Reality and Requirements of Modern Educational Methods (E-Learning). Al-Danaer Magazine, Iraq, 40–41. (In Arabic)
Hamdan R. (2023). The Quality of E-Learning Management in Palestinian Universities in Light of International Quality Standards and a Proposed Development Strategy. Dissertation, Arab American University, Faculty of Education, Palestine.
Rawab, A, Ghareeb S.)2015). Quality of the Educational Process. Dafatir Journal, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Mohamed Khider, Biskra, Algeria,(5), 497–504. (In Arabic)
Tondeur, J., Van Braak, J., Ertmer, P. A., & Ottenbreit-Leftwich, A. (2017). Understanding the relationship between teachers’ pedagogical beliefs and technology use in education: a systematic review of qualitative evidence. Educational technology research and development, 65(3), 555-575.
Al-Ghamdi, A, Suleiman R. (2021). Obstacles Facing Secondary School Students in E-Learning and Proposed Strategies to Reduce Them. International Journal of Educational and Psychological Sciences, 65(1), 12–95. (In Arabic)
Abbasi A, Foudi M. (2020).Components of E-Learning in Algeria." Journal of Distance and Open Education, 8(14), 75–102. (In Arabic)
Al-Khadri, J.)2020). Cybersecurity and Artificial Intelligence in Saudi Universities: A Comparative Study. University Performance Development Center, Mansoura University, Egypt. (In Arabic).
Al-Far, M.(2019). Obstacles to the Implementation of the Total Quality Management System and Ways to Overcome Them: A Field Study at the Faculty of Arts, University of Zawiya. Journal of the Faculty of Arts, 2(27): 6–18. (In Arabic).
Earle, R. S. (2002). The Integration of Instructional Technology into Public Education: Promises and Challenges. Educational Technology, 42(1), 5–13, http://www.jstor.org/stable/44428716.
Hamdan, R., Ashour, W., & Daher, W. (2021). The role of the e-learning departments in controlling the quality of electronic assessments in Palestinian universities during the COVID-19 pandemic. Sustainability, 13(21).
Welzant, H., Schindler, L., Puls-Elvidge, S., & Crawford, L. (2011). Definitions of quality in higher education: A synthesis of the literature. Higher Learning Research Communications, 5(3), 2.
Al-KafI M. (2009). E-Learning in the Era of the Knowledge Economy. Raslan Printing and Publishing House and Foundation, 44, Syria. (In Arabic)
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Copyright of Published Articles
Author(s) retain the article copyright and publishing rights without any restrictions.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
